Wednesday, 22 February 2012

the description of Betaine

Betaine


A betaine in chemistry is any neutral chemical compound with a positively charged cationic functional group. For example, a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cation  which bears no hydrogen atom and with a negatively charged functional group such as a carboxylate group which isn't adjacent to the cationic site possibly.Therefore, a betaine  may be a specific kind of zwitterion.
In biological systems, a great many of betaines serve as organic osmolytes, substances synthesised or taken up from the environment by cells for protection against osmotic stress, drought, high salinity or high temperature.

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